X86 Accumulation Absolute Anamnesis Admission
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25 July 17:52
The Absolute Anamnesis Admission dent (DMA) was an important allotment of the aboriginal IBM PC, and it has become an capital basic of avant-garde computer systems. The DMA allows additional computer apparatus to admission the capital anamnesis directly, after accepting to administer the data breeze through the processor. This is an important functionality, because in some systems, the processor is a data-flow bottleneck, and it would apathetic down the arrangement appreciably to accept the MPU accept to handle every anamnesis transaction.
The aboriginal DMA dent was accepted as the 8237-A chip, although avant-garde variants may be one of some altered models.
The DMA dent can be acclimated to move ample blocks of data amid two anamnesis locations, or it can be acclimated to move blocks of data from a borderline accessory to memory. For instance, DMA is acclimated frequently to move data amid the PCI bus to the amplification cards, and it is aswell acclimated to administer data transmissions amid primary anamnesis (RAM) and the accessory anamnesis (HDD). While the DMA is operational, it has ascendancy over the anamnesis bus, and the MPU may not admission the bus for any reason. The MPU may abide operating on the instructions that are stored in its caches, but already the caches are empty, or already a anamnesis admission apprenticeship is encountered, the MPU haveto delay for the DMA operation to complete. The DMA can administer anamnesis operations abundant added bound than the MPU can, so the delay times are usually not a ample acceleration problem.
The DMA dent has up to 8 DMA channels, and one of these channels can be acclimated to avalanche a additional DMA dent for a absolute of 14 channels available. Anniversary approach can be programmed to apprehend from a specific source, to address to a specific source, etc. Because of this, the DMA has a amount of committed I/O addresses available, for autograph to the all-important ascendancy registers. The DMA uses addresses 0x0000-0x000F for accepted ascendancy registers, and 0x0080-0x0083 for page registers.
The Absolute Anamnesis Admission dent (DMA) was an important allotment of the aboriginal IBM PC, and it has become an capital basic of avant-garde computer systems. The DMA allows additional computer apparatus to admission the capital anamnesis directly, after accepting to administer the data breeze through the processor. This is an important functionality, because in some systems, the processor is a data-flow bottleneck, and it would apathetic down the arrangement appreciably to accept the MPU accept to handle every anamnesis transaction.
The aboriginal DMA dent was accepted as the 8237-A chip, although avant-garde variants may be one of some altered models.
The DMA dent can be acclimated to move ample blocks of data amid two anamnesis locations, or it can be acclimated to move blocks of data from a borderline accessory to memory. For instance, DMA is acclimated frequently to move data amid the PCI bus to the amplification cards, and it is aswell acclimated to administer data transmissions amid primary anamnesis (RAM) and the accessory anamnesis (HDD). While the DMA is operational, it has ascendancy over the anamnesis bus, and the MPU may not admission the bus for any reason. The MPU may abide operating on the instructions that are stored in its caches, but already the caches are empty, or already a anamnesis admission apprenticeship is encountered, the MPU haveto delay for the DMA operation to complete. The DMA can administer anamnesis operations abundant added bound than the MPU can, so the delay times are usually not a ample acceleration problem.
The DMA dent has up to 8 DMA channels, and one of these channels can be acclimated to avalanche a additional DMA dent for a absolute of 14 channels available. Anniversary approach can be programmed to apprehend from a specific source, to address to a specific source, etc. Because of this, the DMA has a amount of committed I/O addresses available, for autograph to the all-important ascendancy registers. The DMA uses addresses 0x0000-0x000F for accepted ascendancy registers, and 0x0080-0x0083 for page registers.
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memory, access, registers, channels, manage, direct, control, , dma chip, memory access, direct memory, access the, direct memory access, assembly direct memory, x86 assembly direct, |
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