Windows Programming Winsock
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27 February 15:15
Winsock is the name of the library in Windows that handles the Berkely Atrium API. Technically, this library is not allotment of the Win32 API, although there are some windows-specific issues that charge to be advised if programming a Winsock application.
You can add Winsock to your programming activity by including the attack file. This attack book is for the 32-bit adaptation of the library. For the 16-bit version, cover the book .
winsock.dll is the 16-bit adaptation of the library, and ws2_32.dll is the 32-bit version. You haveto acquaint your linker to hotlink to the adapted adaptation of the library.
Before calling any of the Winsock routines, the library haveto first be initialized by calling the WSAStartup function. This action requires a arrow to the WSADATA structure. You do not charge to initialize this structure, because the alarm to WSAStartup will ample in all the fields of the structure. You may, optionally, apprehend the ethics from this structure, and use the after-effects in your program. This is not necessary, however. WSAStartup aswell requires that you specify the adaptation of winsock that you ambition to use. The alotof accepted adaptation of winsock is adaptation 1.1, although the newest adaptation of the library is adaptation 2.0. To specify this parameter, canyon the above and accessory versions to the MAKEWORD macro. Actuality is an example:
WSADATA wd;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &wd);
Here is the analogue of the WSADATA structure. From this data structure, you can actuate some important arrangement metrics, including the adaptation of your library, the best amount of accompanying sockets available, etc.
typedef struct WSAData WSADATA,
The analogue of WSAStartup is as follows:
int WSAStartup(WORD wVersionRequested, LPWSADATA lpWSAData);
This action allotment aught on success, and will acknowledgment non-zero on failure. These absurdity codes can be handled, or the program can abort.
After a program has completed, it haveto alarm WSACleanup, to unregister itself from the listing, and to chargeless any assets in use by the library. WSACleanup takes no parameters, and allotment aught on success. A non-zero acknowledgment amount signifies an absurdity in the cleanup process.
It has been said that clashing UNIX, Win32 does not acquiesce sockets to be read/written using the book I/O functions. This is alone partially true. Sockets may not be accessed using the standard-library functions such as fread, fwrite, fprintf, etc. However, if we casting our Atrium structures to HANDLE structures, we can use the Win32 book I/O API to interface with the sockets. For instance, we can now use ReadFile and WriteFile to address to sockets, and any routines that we accept accounting about these APIs can be acclimated if autograph to the network.
Under Win32, do not attack to casting a Atrium to a book type, and use the stdio.h book functions. This will aftereffect in some array of absurdity (most acceptable a bad error).
Win32 has a abounding acclaim of atrium functions, including bind, accept, socket, accept and recv. However, Win32 aswell provides a amount of avant-garde action varieties that acquiesce for avant-garde operation modes. For instance, using the avant-garde atrium functions acquiesce Overlapped I/O mode, asynchronous modes, events, etc. These functions can be explored on [http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winsock/winsock/winsock_functions.asp MSDN].
Winsock is the name of the library in Windows that handles the Berkely Atrium API. Technically, this library is not allotment of the Win32 API, although there are some windows-specific issues that charge to be advised if programming a Winsock application.
You can add Winsock to your programming activity by including the
winsock.dll is the 16-bit adaptation of the library, and ws2_32.dll is the 32-bit version. You haveto acquaint your linker to hotlink to the adapted adaptation of the library.
Before calling any of the Winsock routines, the library haveto first be initialized by calling the WSAStartup function. This action requires a arrow to the WSADATA structure. You do not charge to initialize this structure, because the alarm to WSAStartup will ample in all the fields of the structure. You may, optionally, apprehend the ethics from this structure, and use the after-effects in your program. This is not necessary, however. WSAStartup aswell requires that you specify the adaptation of winsock that you ambition to use. The alotof accepted adaptation of winsock is adaptation 1.1, although the newest adaptation of the library is adaptation 2.0. To specify this parameter, canyon the above and accessory versions to the MAKEWORD macro. Actuality is an example:
WSADATA wd;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &wd);
Here is the analogue of the WSADATA structure. From this data structure, you can actuate some important arrangement metrics, including the adaptation of your library, the best amount of accompanying sockets available, etc.
typedef struct WSAData WSADATA,
The analogue of WSAStartup is as follows:
int WSAStartup(WORD wVersionRequested, LPWSADATA lpWSAData);
This action allotment aught on success, and will acknowledgment non-zero on failure. These absurdity codes can be handled, or the program can abort.
After a program has completed, it haveto alarm WSACleanup, to unregister itself from the listing, and to chargeless any assets in use by the library. WSACleanup takes no parameters, and allotment aught on success. A non-zero acknowledgment amount signifies an absurdity in the cleanup process.
It has been said that clashing UNIX, Win32 does not acquiesce sockets to be read/written using the book I/O functions. This is alone partially true. Sockets may not be accessed using the standard-library functions such as fread, fwrite, fprintf, etc. However, if we casting our Atrium structures to HANDLE structures, we can use the Win32 book I/O API to interface with the sockets. For instance, we can now use ReadFile and WriteFile to address to sockets, and any routines that we accept accounting about these APIs can be acclimated if autograph to the network.
Under Win32, do not attack to casting a Atrium to a book type, and use the stdio.h book functions. This will aftereffect in some array of absurdity (most acceptable a bad error).
Win32 has a abounding acclaim of atrium functions, including bind, accept, socket, accept and recv. However, Win32 aswell provides a amount of avant-garde action varieties that acquiesce for avant-garde operation modes. For instance, using the avant-garde atrium functions acquiesce Overlapped I/O mode, asynchronous modes, events, etc. These functions can be explored on [http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winsock/winsock/winsock_functions.asp MSDN].
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