Unions & Structures

What is a Union?

    

If we are accepting the beneath anamnesis to use in our program, for archetype 64K, we

    

can use a individual anamnesis area for added than one capricious this is alleged union.

    

You can use the unios in the followig locations.

    
1. You can allotment a individual anamnesis area for a capricious myVar1 and use the
   
       

   aforementioned area for myVar2 of altered data blazon if myVar1 is not appropriate
   
       

   any more.



    
2. You can use it if you wish to user, for example, a continued capricious as two
   
       

   abbreviate blazon variables.



    
3. When you dont understand what blazon of data is to be anesthetized to a function, and
   
       

   you canyon abutment which contains all the accessible data types.



    

Defining a Union

Union can be authentic by the keyword union.

union myUnion{

    
	int var1;

    
	long var2;

    
};

    

Here we accept authentic a abutment with the name myUnion and it has two associates i.e.

    

var1 of blazon int and var2 of blazon long

Declaring the Union

We can acknowledge the abutment in assorted ways. By demography the aloft archetype we can

    

acknowledge the aloft authentic abutment as.

union myUnion{

    
	int var1;

    
	long var2;

    
}newUnion;

So newUnion will be the capricious of blazon myUnion. We can aswell acknowledge the abutment

    

as

myUnion newUnion;

Initializing the Union

We can initialize the abutment in assorted ways. For example

union myUnion{

    
	int var1;

    
	long var2;

    
}newUnion={10.5};

    

or we can initialize it as

newUnion.var1= 10;

In after stages we can aswell initialize the var2 as able-bodied but this will over

    

address the var1 value. Commonly if we acknowledge the abutment it is allocated the

    

anamnesis that its better affiliate can occupy. So actuality in our archetype newUnion will

    

absorb the anamnesis which a continued blazon capricious can occupy.

What is a Structure

    

A anatomy is a acceptable apparatus for administration a accumulation of logically accompanying

    

data items. Anatomy advice to adapt circuitous data is a added allusive way.

    

It is able abstraction that we may afterwards charge to use in our program Design.

    

A anatomy is aggregate of altered data types. Lets yield the exmple of

    

a book, if we deceit to acknowledge a book we will be cerebration about the name, title,

    

authors and administrator of the book and publishing year. So to acknowledge a book

    

we charge to accept some circuitous data blazon which can accord with added than one data

    

types. Lets acknowledge a Book.

Defining a Structure

We can acknowledge a anatomy to board the book.

struct Book

    
{

    
	char Name[100];

    
	char Author[100];

    
	char Publisher[80];

    
	int Year;

    
};

The keyword struct defines a book, and anniversary band with in the braces defines

    

the elements of the Book. Now if anytime we make an instance of book it will

    

accept all the elements of the anatomy i.e. Name, Author, Administrator and Year.

    

Declaring a Structure

We can acknowledge the anatomy just like union.

    

Book CProgrammingBook;

    

Initializing a Structure

Lets initialize the anatomy capricious CProgrammingBook.

    

Book CProgrammingBook = 

    
{

    
	"Beginning VC++ 6",

    
	"Ivor Horton",

    
	"Wrox",

    
	2001

    
};

Accessing the associates of a Structure

We can admission all the associates of a anatomy by abacus a aeon afterwards the name

    

of the anatomy capricious name and then the name of the acreage we wish to access.

    

For archetype we wish to change the Broadcast year from 2001 to 2002, we will do

    

it as

    

CProgrammingBook.Year = 2002;

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