Tutorial Addendum on Perl - Allotment B - Accepted Aperture Interface (CGI)
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This affiliate describes:
- What is Accepted Aperture Interface (CGI).
- CGI ambiance variables provided by IIS.
- Query string.
- CGI appliance example, Calculator.pl.
What Is Accepted Aperture Interface (CGI)
Common Aperture Interface (CGI) is a agreement defines how a Web server program
interacts with appliance programs. The interactions are illustrated in the
following diagram:
Web Web CGI Appl.
Browser Internet Server Agreement Program
HTTP Env. Var.
appeal stdin
Send --------------> Catechumen ----------> Process
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HTTP |
acknowledgment stdout V
Receive <----------- Catechumen <---------- Process
There are several basal rules with CGI:
- Web server provides alotof of the ascribe advice
to appliance programs through ambiance variables.
- Data forward in the HTTP appeal with the GET adjustment is adapted to
a appropriate ambiance variable, QUERY_STRING.
- Data forward in the HTTP appeal with the Column adjustment is adapted to
the accepted ascribe (stdin) channel.
- Data printed to the accepted achievement (stdout) approach is converted
to the HTTP response.
IIS Ambiance Variables
To understand how some ambiance variables are provided by the Web server, and
what advice they are containing, I wrote the chase Perl CGI program,
CgiEnv.pl.
#- CgiEnv.pl
#- Absorb (c) 1996 by Dr. Yang
#
book "Content-Type: text/html
";
foreach $var (sort keys(%ENV)) {
print($var, = , $ENV{$var}, "<br/>
");
}
Running it anon in a command window, I got:
Content-Type: text/html
<html><body>
ALLUSERSPROFILE = C:Documents and SettingsAll Users.WINNT<br/>
APPDATA = C:Documents and Settings\Application Data<br/>
COMMONPROGRAMFILES = C:Program FilesCommon Files<br/>
COMPUTERNAME = localhost<br/>
COMSPEC = C:WINNTsystem32cmd.exe<br/>
HOMEDRIVE = C:<br/>
HOMEPATH = Documents and Settings<br/>
LOGONSERVER = \localhost<br/>
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS = 1<br/>
OS = Windows_NT<br/>
OS2LIBPATH = C:WINNTsystem32os2dll;<br/>
PATH = D:Perlin;C:WINNTsystem32;C:WINNT;...
PATHEXT = .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH<br/>
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86<br/>
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER = x86 Ancestors 6 Archetypal 8 Dispatch 1, GenuineIntel...
PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 6<br/>
PROCESSOR_REVISION = 0801<br/>
PROGRAMFILES = C:Program Files<br/>
PROMPT = $P$G<br/>
SESSIONNAME = Console<br/>
SYSTEMDRIVE = C:<br/>
SYSTEMROOT = C:WINNT<br/>
TEMP = C:DOCUME~1\LOCALS~1Temp<br/>
TMP = C:DOCUME~1\LOCALS~1Temp<br/>
USERDOMAIN = home<br/>
USERNAME = <br/>
USERPROFILE = C:Documents and Settings<br/>
WINDIR = C:WINNT<br/>
</html></body>
Running it through IIS as a CGI application, I got:
ALLUSERSPROFILE = C:Documents and SettingsAll Users.WINNT
COMMONPROGRAMFILES = C:Program FilesCommon Files
COMPUTERNAME = localhost
COMSPEC = C:WINNTsystem32cmd.exe
CONTENT_LENGTH = 0
GATEWAY_INTERFACE = CGI/1.1
HTTPS = off
HTTP_ACCEPT = */*
HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = en-us
HTTP_CONNECTION = Keep-Alive
HTTP_HOST = localhost
HTTP_USER_AGENT = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MSNIA; Windows...
INSTANCE_ID = 1
LOCAL_ADDR = 127.0.0.1
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS = 1
OS = Windows_NT
OS2LIBPATH = C:WINNTsystem32os2dll;
PATH = D:Perlin;C:WINNTsystem32;C:WINNT;...
PATHEXT = .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH
PATH_INFO = /cgi-bin/CgiEnv.pl
PATH_TRANSLATED = c:inetpubwwwrootcgi-binCgiEnv.pl
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER = x86 Ancestors 6 Archetypal 8 Dispatch 1, GenuineIntel
PROCESSOR_LEVEL = 6
PROCESSOR_REVISION = 0801
PROGRAMFILES = C:Program Files
REMOTE_ADDR = 127.0.0.1
REMOTE_HOST = 127.0.0.1
REQUEST_METHOD = GET
SCRIPT_NAME = /cgi-bin/CgiEnv.pl
SERVER_NAME = localhost
SERVER_PORT = 80
SERVER_PORT_SECURE = 0
SERVER_PROTOCOL = HTTP/1.0
SERVER_SOFTWARE = Microsoft-IIS/5.0
SYSTEMDRIVE = C:
SYSTEMROOT = C:WINNT
TEMP = C:WINNTTEMP
TMP = C:WINNTTEMP
USERPROFILE = C:Documents and SettingsDefault User.WINNT
WINDIR = C:WINNT
As you can see from the output, IIS has added some and removed some
environment variables in the CGI environment.
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