Tutorial Addendum on Unicode - JDK - Encoding About-face

Since the argument book contains non-ASCII characters, we charge to catechumen it into Hex

    

decimal digits to be able analysis the cipher ethics of the adored characters. Remember

    

UTF-16BE encoding break the cipher ethics into two bytes anon after any changes.

    

Here is a program to catechumen any data book into Hex decimal digits:

    

 

    
/**

    
 * HexWriter.java

    
 * Absorb (c) 2002 by Dr. Yang

    
 * This program allows you to catechumen and data book to a new data 

    
 * in Hex architecture with 16 bytes (32 Hex digits) per line.

    
 */

    
import java.io.*;

    
class HexWriter {

    
 changeless burn hexDigit = { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ,

    
    8 , 9 , A , B , C , D , E , F };

    
 accessible changeless abandoned main(String a) {

    
 Cord inFile = a;

    
 Cord outFile = a;

    
 int bufSize = 16;

    
 byte absorber = new byte;

    
 Cord crlf = System.getProperty("line.separator");

    
 try {

    
  FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(inFile);

    
  OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(

    
  new FileOutputStream(outFile));

    
  int n = in.read(buffer,0,bufSize);

    
	 Cord s = null;

    
  int calculation = 0;

    
  while (n!=-1) {

    
  calculation += n;

    
  s = bytesToHex(buffer,0,n);

    
  out.write(s);

    
  out.write(crlf);

    
  n = in.read(buffer,0,bufSize);

    
  }

    
  in.close();

    
  out.close();

    
  System.out.println("Number of ascribe bytes: "+count);

    
 } bolt (IOException e) {

    
  System.out.println(e.toString());

    
 }

    
 }

    
 accessible changeless Cord bytesToHex(byte b, int off, int len) {

    
 StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

    
 for (int j=0; j<len; j++)

    
  buf.append(byteToHex(b));

    
 acknowledgment buf.toString();

    
 }

    
 accessible changeless Cord byteToHex(byte b) {

    
 char a = { hexDigit, hexDigit };

    
 acknowledgment new String(a);

    
 }

    
}

    

Compile this program and run it to catechumen hello.utf-16be:

    

 

    
javac HexWriter.java

    
java HexWriter hello.utf-16be hello.hex

    

Okay, actuality is the agreeable of hello.hex:

    

 

    
00480065006C006C006F00200063006F

    
006D0070007500740065007200210020

    
002D00200045006E0067006C00690073

    
0068000D000A753581114F60597DFF01

    
0020002D002000530069006D0070006C

    
00690066006900650064002000430068

    
0069006E006500730065000D000A96FB

    
81664F60597DFE570020002D00200054

    
007200610064006900740069006F006E

    
0061006C0020004300680069006E0065

    
00730065000D000A

    

If you understand how to apprehend Hex number, you should be able to see:

    

    
• "00480065006C006C006F" represents "Hello".


    
• "753581114F60597DFF01" represents the Simplified Chinese message.


    
• "96FB81664F60597DFE57" represents the Acceptable Chinese message.


    

Unicode encoding Conversion

    

Now we accept a argument book with Unicode characters. Let s address an encoding

    

conversion program:

    

 

    
/**

    
 * EncodingConverter.java

    
 * Absorb (c) 2002 by Dr. Yang

    
 *

    
 * This program allows you to catechumen a argument book in one encoding 

    
 * to addition book in a altered encoding.

    
 */

    
import java.io.*;

    
class EncodingConverter {

    
 accessible changeless abandoned main(String a) {

    
 Cord inFile = a;

    
 Cord inCharsetName = a;

    
 Cord outFile = a;

    
 Cord outCharsetName = a;

    
 try {

    
  InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(

    
  new FileInputStream(inFile), inCharsetName);

    
  OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(

    
  new FileOutputStream(outFile), outCharsetName);

    
  int c = in.read();

    
  int n = 0;

    
  while (c!=-1) {

    
  out.write(c);

    
  n++;

    
  c = in.read();

    
  }

    
  in.close();

    
  out.close();

    
  System.out.println("Number of characters: "+n);

    
  System.out.println("Number of ascribe bytes: "

    
  +(new File(inFile)).length());

    
  System.out.println("Number of achievement bytes: "

    
  +(new File(outFile)).length());

    
 } bolt (IOException e) {

    
  System.out.println(e.toString());

    
 }

    
 }

    
}